Ah! Hunger! Hunger! That word, or rather this thing, made revolutions She will make many more! (Gustave Flaubert, Agonies , 1838)
could loosely be termed a revolution "from hunger" what is happening these days in some countries of North Africa and the Middle East. This is a simplification, but Tunisia (follow the information on Guardian and a record Libération.fr ) and Egypt (The Guardian , Cyberpresse.ca ), not to mention Yemen of Jordan or even in Algeria earlier this month are now popular demonstrations and sometimes of governments that fall on behalf of better living conditions (employment, housing, food). Nothing in Quebec has never taken this proportion in terms of popular movement. But in terms of lifting, Quebec has experienced the rebellion of 1837-38 (and rebellions of the Patriots).
We publish here a first message on this subject, to try to explain the reactions in Quebec City, but it goes without saying that the coming weeks will see new posts on this topic. Of course, these messages remain in the spirit of blogging: they are brief introductions to a topic accurate. Far be it from us to get into a new description of these events. The sources are many complex and the current form of our book would not understand the scope of the topic.
Source: online consultation , January 30, 2011.
During the uprising of patriots, Quebec is the capital of the colony of Lower Canada. In this sense it is the seat of the legislature, the very one where the elected representatives of patriotic party (named Canadian party Advent 1826 and led by Louis-Joseph Papineau) work and have been adopted 92 resolutions on February 21 1834. This 'program' is confirmed through the plebiscite election in the fall 1834, where 77 representatives of 84 are patriots, including English. Simply put, the 92 resolutions were a set of 92 proposals to reform the parliamentary system of colonialism. Among the main supporters of these resolutions is Elzéar Bedard (above), first mayor of Quebec, a moderate patriot.
Source: RJ Lane, "Archibald Acheson, governor of British North America" (1828), online consultation , January 29, 2011.
In response, London appoints the summer of 1835, Archibald Acheson, Earl Gosford to Lord Aylmer replace as governor of Lower Canada. Aylmer had clumsily tried to put the Patriots in not incurring the wrath of much of the population. Gosford comes filled with good will and delivered a maiden speech warmly welcomed:
Source: Theophile Hamel, "The Honourable Augustin-Norbert Morin, President of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, 1848-1851 " (1854), The House of Commons Heritage Collection, No. O-430, online consultation , January 20, 2011.
But winter 1836-37 will be tough, from a political perspective. The British interior minister, John Russell wrote 10 resolutions which reject completely those patriots. This news, which reached Quebec in the spring, giving rise to large public meetings around the colony. The most popular in the city is that of 4 June Organized by AN Morin where the editor of The Canadian said he counted more than 2,000 inhabitants (June 5, 1837, p. 2). But tensions between the city climb moderate patriots, British radicals and sympathizers. These tensions erupt into violent confrontations rarely, but skirmishes between supporters (patriots on one side and "constitutionalists" of the other) and vandalism on their respective premises are common, especially when coming elections (in the case of the early part of July 1837 where fighting has "done much bloodshed" (The Canadian , July 7, 1837, p.2).
Source: "Robert Shore Milnes Bouchette, online consultation , January 30, 2011.
In Quebec, the Patriots are seen in most of the moderates, however: in addition to Bedard and Morin, is believed to members Amable Berthelot and George Vanfelson. But Robert Bouchette SM (above), a radical patriot (and founder of the bilingual newspaper patriot The Liberal ) and his followers take up much room. The two groups will be in a situation virtually irreconcilable from the start of summer 1837. We know when a confrontation is imminent. The biggest clash takes place in Quebec City November 19, 1837 between several hundreds of patriots and constitutionalists on the sidelines of a speech by lawyer Edward J patriot Turcotte (below). Warnings for the complete prohibition of meetings are continuing.
Source: Theophile Hamel, "The Honourable Joseph-Édouard Turcotte, President of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, 1862-1863 " (1865), The House of Commons Heritage Collection, No. O-431, online consultation , January 20, 2011.
It is also known that the clashes rebellions will mainly occur in the Richelieu Valley. During the winter of 1837-38, Quebec, a garrison town, is within the scope of strict rules including a city police curfew imposed by a militia "constitutionalist" rose quickly to replace the army mobilized in the Richelieu Valley . The absence of Deputies (the last parliamentary session, which began August 18, 1837 was extended on August 26) and climate similar to the material occupying many patriots of Quebec, often more inclined to the discussion that combat and lifting.
We publish here a first message on this subject, to try to explain the reactions in Quebec City, but it goes without saying that the coming weeks will see new posts on this topic. Of course, these messages remain in the spirit of blogging: they are brief introductions to a topic accurate. Far be it from us to get into a new description of these events. The sources are many complex and the current form of our book would not understand the scope of the topic.
Source: online consultation , January 30, 2011.
During the uprising of patriots, Quebec is the capital of the colony of Lower Canada. In this sense it is the seat of the legislature, the very one where the elected representatives of patriotic party (named Canadian party Advent 1826 and led by Louis-Joseph Papineau) work and have been adopted 92 resolutions on February 21 1834. This 'program' is confirmed through the plebiscite election in the fall 1834, where 77 representatives of 84 are patriots, including English. Simply put, the 92 resolutions were a set of 92 proposals to reform the parliamentary system of colonialism. Among the main supporters of these resolutions is Elzéar Bedard (above), first mayor of Quebec, a moderate patriot.
Source: RJ Lane, "Archibald Acheson, governor of British North America" (1828), online consultation , January 29, 2011.
In response, London appoints the summer of 1835, Archibald Acheson, Earl Gosford to Lord Aylmer replace as governor of Lower Canada. Aylmer had clumsily tried to put the Patriots in not incurring the wrath of much of the population. Gosford comes filled with good will and delivered a maiden speech warmly welcomed:
[...] As to the general impression seemed to us to produce, it is unquestionably positive, and he did design expectations , especially that we would have a fruitful session, something of great importance to the following two sessions were no results for the ordinary needs of the country. (The Canadian , Wednesday, October 28, 1835, p.2) Thispossible honeymoon was short-lived, while information from Upper Canada confirm that the Patriots Gosford is not free to respond to requests from the 92 resolutions. The work of the meeting will inevitably be slowed by this crisis. While we try to continue to reform the institutions with more symbolic than steps, including the attempt at constitutional reform undertaken by the member patriot Augustin-Norbert Morin (below), Bellechasse County, in 1836.
Source: Theophile Hamel, "The Honourable Augustin-Norbert Morin, President of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, 1848-1851 " (1854), The House of Commons Heritage Collection, No. O-430, online consultation , January 20, 2011.
But winter 1836-37 will be tough, from a political perspective. The British interior minister, John Russell wrote 10 resolutions which reject completely those patriots. This news, which reached Quebec in the spring, giving rise to large public meetings around the colony. The most popular in the city is that of 4 June Organized by AN Morin where the editor of The Canadian said he counted more than 2,000 inhabitants (June 5, 1837, p. 2). But tensions between the city climb moderate patriots, British radicals and sympathizers. These tensions erupt into violent confrontations rarely, but skirmishes between supporters (patriots on one side and "constitutionalists" of the other) and vandalism on their respective premises are common, especially when coming elections (in the case of the early part of July 1837 where fighting has "done much bloodshed" (The Canadian , July 7, 1837, p.2).
Source: "Robert Shore Milnes Bouchette, online consultation , January 30, 2011.
In Quebec, the Patriots are seen in most of the moderates, however: in addition to Bedard and Morin, is believed to members Amable Berthelot and George Vanfelson. But Robert Bouchette SM (above), a radical patriot (and founder of the bilingual newspaper patriot The Liberal ) and his followers take up much room. The two groups will be in a situation virtually irreconcilable from the start of summer 1837. We know when a confrontation is imminent. The biggest clash takes place in Quebec City November 19, 1837 between several hundreds of patriots and constitutionalists on the sidelines of a speech by lawyer Edward J patriot Turcotte (below). Warnings for the complete prohibition of meetings are continuing.
Source: Theophile Hamel, "The Honourable Joseph-Édouard Turcotte, President of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, 1862-1863 " (1865), The House of Commons Heritage Collection, No. O-431, online consultation , January 20, 2011.
It is also known that the clashes rebellions will mainly occur in the Richelieu Valley. During the winter of 1837-38, Quebec, a garrison town, is within the scope of strict rules including a city police curfew imposed by a militia "constitutionalist" rose quickly to replace the army mobilized in the Richelieu Valley . The absence of Deputies (the last parliamentary session, which began August 18, 1837 was extended on August 26) and climate similar to the material occupying many patriots of Quebec, often more inclined to the discussion that combat and lifting.
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